As the market for cannabis-based wellness products grows, it’s natural to feel overwhelmed by the wide variety of cannabinoids available to choose from. You may have already heard of CBG (cannabigerol) and THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), but are perhaps unsure of the difference between these chemical compounds. While both CBG and THC are derived from the same plant, their working mechanisms and effects are decidedly different. Read more to find out which cannabinoid is right for you.
What Is CBG?
CBG is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant. It is the precursor to other, better-known cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD (cannabidiol). Research suggests that CBG interacts with both CB1 and CB2 receptors, which are a part of the body’s endocannabinoid system.
What Is THC?
THC is a naturally occurring cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant. It is the primary psychoactive compound found in cannabis and is what causes a “high” sensation in cannabis consumers. THC interacts with receptors in the brain to encourage relaxation, euphoria and heightened sensory perception.
Differences Between CBG and THC
Although CBG and THC are derived from cannabis, they have different origins, benefits, side effects and regulations surrounding their use.
Origin
CBG is often referred to as “the mother of all cannabinoids” since it is the chemical precursor to THC, CBD and other cannabinoids. In young cannabis plants, CBG appears as CBGA (cannabigerolic acid)–the acidic form of CBG, which enzymes later convert into other cannabinoids. As cannabis plants mature, the amount of CBG they contain decreases as other cannabinoids develop. CBGA can be converted into CBG, CBD, THC, CBN (cannabinol), and CBC (cannabichromene) through natural processes and decarboxylation, which refers to the use of heat to activate cannabis compounds.
To extract usable quantities of CBG, cultivators may breed specialized strains or harvest cannabis plants at an earlier stage of growth. THC, on the other hand, can be harvested later and is naturally present in high concentrations in certain strains of cannabis. Strains cultivated for medicinal or recreational purposes have a higher concentration of THC than CBG.
Psychoactivity
THC is one of the most well-known cannabinoids and is often associated with its uplifting and euphoric effects. It can influence mood, creativity and sensory perception, with each person responding a bit differently. While some may feel relaxed and focused, others may be more sensitive to its effects, experiencing feelings like anxiousness or mental fog if the dosage is too high. THC can also temporarily impact concentration and motor skills, so mindful use is key, especially for new consumers.
CBG, on the other hand, is considered non-intoxicating. It interacts with the same receptors in the body as THC but does not produce the same mental effects. Many users turn to CBG for its calming, therapeutic potential, supporting focus, mood and inflammation, without the sensation of feeling “high.”
Benefits
THC and CBG offer therapeutic benefits, but their uses differ based on how they interact with the body. Let’s explore the benefits associated with each cannabinoid:
CBG
- May reduce inflammation
- Shows promising antibacterial applications
- May support neuroprotection and eye health
- Is reported to improve focus, energy and mood
THC
- Provides pain relief, particularly for chronic and neuropathic pain
- Reduces nausea and stimulates appetite
- Provides temporary relief from sleep disorders like insomnia
- Relaxes tense muscles
While these compounds have overlapping benefits, CBG may be better for daytime use, whereas THC can be used for more intense symptom relief during rest periods.
Side Effects
CBG is generally well tolerated and has significantly fewer side effects than THC, although some CBG users have reported:
- Dry mouth
- Changes in appetite
- Drowsiness
- Upset stomach
Conversely, THC has a wider range of side effects, primarily due to its psychoactive nature; they include:
- Impaired coordination
- Anxiety and paranoia
- Increased appetite
- Short-term memory impairment
- Red eyes and dry mouth
- Potential for dependency
When taking CBG or THC for the first time, it is advisable to start with a low dosage and only increase it if needed. The side effects of CBG and THC can vary depending on dosage, individual tolerance, and consumption method.
Legality and Accessibility
Understanding the legality of these cannabinoids is important when deciding whether or not to use them. CBG is legal in the U.S. under the 2018 Farm Bill, which legalized the cultivation and distribution of hemp (cannabis that contains less than 0.3% THC by dry weight) at the federal level. CBG is also widely accessible in the form of capsules, gummies and tinctures. However, it is crucial to make sure that any CBG product you purchase is third-party tested and comes from a reputable source. At present, CBG lacks the level of state regulation associated with THC due to its status as a lesser-known cannabinoid.
THC, on the other hand, is strictly regulated and has been legalized for medical and recreational use in various states. Many states require their residents to apply for a medical cannabis card to access THC products at licensed dispensaries.
Choosing Between CBG and THC
CBG and THC offer different benefits. You may want to opt for CBG if:
- You are seeking wellness benefits
- You are sensitive to the psychoactive effects of THC
- You need a cannabinoid you can incorporate into your daily routine
On the other hand, THC may be a good choice if:
- You need relief from severe pain or nausea
- You are trying to achieve deeper sleep and relaxation
- You are seeking mind-altering effects
Taking CBG and THC Together
Although some people may prefer to take one or the other, CBG and THC can be taken together for holistic wellness benefits. When taken together, these cannabinoids can have mutually enhancing effects and work more effectively than when taken in isolation. This is known as the “entourage effect.” CBG may actually temper the psychoactive effects of THC for a more balanced experience. However, not everyone experiences these compounds in the same way, which is why it’s best to start low and slow.
Enhance Your Wellness With CBG and THC
Whether you are seeking clarity, calm or comfort, both THC and CBG offer unique benefits. We recommend exploring what works for you and seeking professional advice if you are unsure of where to start. In addition, staying up-to-date on emerging research regarding CBG and THC will empower you to make informed decisions about your cannabinoid use. Whether you are seeking stress relief or pain management, CBG and THC can act as powerful wellness enhancers when used correctly.
